| Safari Club International | |
|---|---|
| Motto | First for Hunters |
| Formation | 1973 |
| Headquarters | Tucson, Arizona |
| Membership | 50,000 |
| Website | |
Safari Club International is an international organization composed of hunters. SCI has more than 50,000 members and 180 local chapters.[1] SCI's website displays the bannertext "Safari Club International is the Leader in Protecting the Freedom to Hunt and Promoting Wildlife Conservation Worldwide".
Safari Club International Foundation, the 501 (c) 3 branch of SCI, funds and manages worldwide programs dedicated to wildlife conservation, outdoor education and humanitarian services.[1] The organization has taken a stance against poaching.[2]
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SCI was founded by C.J. McElroy,[3] a hunter who was eventually forced to resign his leadership role. McElroy has 335 hunted animals listed in SCI record books, including African elephants, Pacific walrus, southern white rhinoceros, black rhinoceros, Scimitar-horned oryx, addax, hippopotamus, pygmy hippopotamus, dama gazelle, polar bear, African lions, Bengal tigers, wolves, leopards, jaguar and others. Some of these species have become endangered and can no longer be hunted in their native habitats.[4][5]
In 2007, SCI elected a new president, Dennis Anderson, of Anaheim, California. Anderson has hunted in Asia, Africa, Europe, the South Pacific and North America, completing the "North American 29" (see below) in 2003.[6] Anderson has reported hunting polar bear, ibex, gazelle, roe deer, wolf, Asian elk, bighorn sheep, rhinoceros, bontebok, rhebok, vaal, reedbuck, lynx, elephant, and hyena.[7]
The organization's headquarters is in Tucson, Arizona. An annual convention is held in Reno, Nevada.
SCI conservataion and education programs are conducted by Safari Club International Foundation, a non-profit organization "dedicated to wildlife conservation, outdoor education and humanitarian services."[8] Although this foundation was set up by SCI and shares board members with SCI, it is a separate legal entity.
Sportsmen Against Hunger began in 1989,[9] and through the network of SCI chapters, provides food banks with meat from harvested animals. In 2006, over 250,000 pounds of wild game were donated to charitable relief organizations.[9] The Sensory Safari program allows sight-impaired individuals to get a “visual” perspective of what animals are like by feeling mounts, skins, skulls, horns, and antlers.[10] The National Federation of the Blind (NFB) asked SCIF to host a Sensory Safari at its annual convention. In 1997, the NFB signed a memorandum of understanding with SCI to host Sensory Safaris at all future NFB national and state conventions.[11] Hunters who participate in the SafariCare program take bags filled by SCI chapter with medical, school, and relief supplies to clinics and schools to remote regions of the developing world.[12] The SafariWish program is part of the SafariCare program, designed to give children with life-threatening illnesses a chance to go hunting.[12] The Disabled Hunter program, through SCI chapters, provides sponsorship for hunting trips for disabled sportsmen.[13]
For the last 37 years, SCI has hosted an Annual hunters convention. In 2007, over 22,000 SCI members, and 1,000 exhibitors participated in the convention.[1]
The organization publishes Safari magazine, a bi-monthly publication that features hunting stories, issues affecting the hunting sportsman, reviews of books and equipment, as well as conservation reports. Safari also has a special awards issue, which honors trophy hunters each year.
It also publishes Safari Times, the news publication of the organization.
SCI has its own scoring and record book system which ranks the biggest tusks, horns, antlers, skulls and bodies of hunted animals. Hunters are rewarded with trophies for completing a “Grand Slam;” a “Special Awards Issue” of SCI’s magazine is dedicated to this topic and those who win awards are listed in SCI’s “Record Book of Trophy Animals.” This book ranks every species of game animal using the SCI official scoring method. “Highest scores go to the animals with the largest measurements.”[3]
Every animal killed that meets the minimum score required for a record book entry makes the hunter eligible to enter the medallion program and is assured of receiving at least a bronze medallion.
In 1979, when SCI was fairly new, it sought government approval to import 1,125 trophies from 40 different species (gorillas, cheetahs, tigers, orangutans, snow leopards, and others) into the US for "scientific research and incentive for propagation and survival of the species." Because the animals were to be hunted, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service denied the request.[14]
In 1994, SCI successfully lobbied for a change in the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act 1972 to allow for the importation of previously banned sport-hunted polar bear trophies into the United States from Canada.[15] In 2007, SCI testified at a U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service hearing opposing the proposed listing of polar bears as a "threatened" species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The FWS is concerned that climate change is or will place polar bears at risk of extinction.[16] SCI/SCIF argued that the science cited by the FWS speculative and incomplete at this time. Relatively healthy populations of polar bears exist in the areas where hunting is allowed and it said that sport hunting of these populations would provide funding for habitat and study as well as income for native populations. SCI stated that, "[...] [T]he U.S. decision to list will merely change the identity of those who hunt the animals from U.S. hunters to exclusively native residents[...]"[17]
SCI has been criticised by the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) for supporting the hunting of endangered African antelope species at fenced "game" ranches in Texas and Florida and for giving awards for the hunting of big cats and leopard, elephant, lion, rhino and buffalo in Africa.[18]
SCI counters that hunting can be an integral part of management of these species and provides needed funds for habitat preservation and enhancement.[19][20] SCI, along with other hunting and non-hunting organizations, intervened in a federal suit where HSUS challenged regulations that allow hunting of captive scimitar-horned oryx, dama gazelle and addax. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) found that, “[c]aptive breeding in the United States has enhanced the propagation or survival of the scimitar-horned oryx, addax, and dama gazelle worldwide by rescuing these species from near extinctions and providing the founder stock necessary for reintroduction. Sport hunting of surplus, captive-bred animals generates revenue that supports these captive-breeding operations and may relieve hunting pressure on wild populations.”[21] As of February 2008, this case is still pending.[22] In the case of black rhino, 83% of those countries represented at the 2004 CITES meeting approved sport hunting of the species in very limited numbers.[23]
In 2005, controversy erupted over tax write-offs taken by big game hunters for donations of trophies to museums. IRS rules allowed only the fair market value of such donations to be deducted, but many donors filed returns claiming deductions at "replacement cost," calculated to include airfare, guide fees, taxidermy, shipping, permits, and all other costs associated with the original hunt.[24] In most cases, the donations were worth only a fraction of the claimed value, and often accumulated in museum storage facilities.[24]
The tax code was amended in 2006 by the United States Congress. Current law allows for the deduction of either the market value of the trophy or taxidermy costs, whichever is less.[25] The IRS code also now specifically prohibits deducting "direct or indirect costs for hunting or killing an animal, such as equipment costs and the costs of preparing an animal carcass for taxidermy".[26]
Dominion: The Power of Man, the Suffering of Animals, and the Call to Mercy, by Matthew Scully, 2003. This book contains extensive details of SCI's annual conference.[27] Scully is a journalist, a former speechwriter for President George W. Bush, and is an avowed conservative Republican.
For the tax year ending June 2006, SCI reported $2.87 million in revenue from SCI publications, $3.17 million in membership dues, $205,967 in interest on savings and temporary investments, $75,771 from sales of assets other than inventory, $6.86 million from special events such as the annual convention, $156,014 from sales of inventory, and $6,089 miscellaneous income.[28]
In 2007, the New York legislature earmarked $50,000 of public funds for SCI.[29]